This information is for educational purposes only. It is not intended as medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.
Ampicillin — Description, Dosage, Side Effects | PillsCard
Rx
Ampicillin
1 g + 500 mg, Proszek do sporządzania roztworu do wstrzykiwań i infuzji
INN: Ampicilinum + Sulbactamum
Data updated: 2026-04-13
Available in:
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Form
Proszek do sporządzania roztworu do wstrzykiwań i infuzji
Dosage
1 g + 500 mg
Route
domięśniowa, dożylna
Storage
—
User Reviews
Reviews reflect personal experiences and are not medical advice. Always consult your doctor.
About This Product
Manufacturer
Delfarma Sp. z o.o.
Composition
Ampicilinum 1 g, Sulbactamum 500 mg
ATC Code
J01CR01
Source
URPL · 056/24
Penicillins are β-lactam antibiotics that bind reversibly to various enzymes of the bacterial plasma membrane involved in bacterial cell wall synthesis and cell division.
Aminopenicillins (including ampicillin), due to the presence of an amino group attached to the basic penicillin structure, penetrate the outer membrane of some Gram-negative bacteria more easily, resulting in a broader spectrum of activity.
Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship (PK/PD)
Ampicillin is a time-dependent antibiotic whose bactericidal effect depends directly on the duration for which its concentration remains above a given threshold — the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC).
The PK/PD index used to predict the efficacy of time-dependent antibiotics is Time>MIC (T>MIC), i.e. the cumulative percentage of time within a 24-hour period during which the antibiotic concentration exceeds the MIC.
Mechanism of resistance:
The most common resistance mechanisms to β-lactam antibiotics (including penicillins) are β-lactamase production and intrinsic resistance.
β-Lactamases hydrolyse the β-lactam ring, while intrinsic resistance may result from the presence of a permeability barrier in the outer membrane of the organism or alterations in the properties of target enzymes (PBPs — Penicillin-Binding Proteins).
⚠️ Warnings
Pregnancy
Pregnancy:
Ampicillin should not be used during pregnancy unless clearly necessary.
Breast-feeding
Breast-feeding:
Ampicillin is excreted in breast milk and should therefore be used with caution in breast-feeding women.
Renal impairment
Renal impairment:
Reduce dose in severe renal impairment; skin rashes are more frequent.
Driving
Driving:
Caution should be exercised when driving or operating machinery, as ampicillin may cause dizziness.
The possibility of superinfections by other pathogenic micro-organisms during ampicillin therapy should be considered.
These infections may be fungal in origin (e.g. candidiasis) or bacterial (e.g. pseudomembranous colitis, most commonly caused by Clostridium difficile, presenting as severe persistent diarrhoea during or after ampicillin treatment).
If these occur, appropriate therapy should be instituted.
In the event of pseudomembranous colitis, ampicillin therapy should be discontinued.
Renal, hepatic, and haematological function should be monitored periodically during prolonged ampicillin therapy.
Special precautions:
The onset of allergic manifestations requires immediate discontinuation of treatment.
Severe and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylaxis) have been exceptionally reported in patients treated with penicillin A.
Its administration requires prior medical history review.
In the presence of a history of typical allergy to these products, the contraindication is absolute.
Penicillin allergy is cross-reactive with cephalosporin allergy in 5 to 10% of cases.
This precludes the administration of penicillins to individuals with known cephalosporin allergy.
Periodontogenic abscess:
Treatment of periodontogenic abscesses with intravenous ampicillin should be considered primarily in severe cases with systemic signs or symptoms (fever, lymphadenopathy).
When infection caused by penicillin-resistant anaerobic micro-organisms is suspected, ampicillin treatment may not be appropriate.
Respiratory and urinary tract infections, Gonorrhoea, Shigellosis:
Ampicillin is not usually the first-line agent for the treatment of these clinical conditions, given the potential for ampicillin resistance among the principal causative micro-organisms.
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