Digoxin - Indications, Dosage, Side Effects and Precautions

USDailyMed:Digoxin AU:A C01AA05(WHO) AU:S4(Prescription only)UK:POM(Prescription only)US:℞-only 3β-[(O-2,6-dideoxy-β-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-2,6-dideoxy-β-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1→4)-2,6-dideoxy-β-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-12β,14-dihydroxy-5β-card-20(22)-enolide 20830-75-5Y 2724385 4726 DB00390Y 2006532Y 73K4184T59 D00298Y CHEBI:4551Y ChEMBL1751Y DGX (PDBe,RCSB PDB) DTXSID5022934 Interactive image O=C\1OC/C(=C/1)[C@H]2CC[C@@]8(O)[C@]2(C)[C@H](O)C[C@H]7[C@H]8CC[C@H]6[C@]7(C)CC[C@H](O[C@@H]5O[C@H](C)[C@@H](O[C@@H]4O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@@H]3O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C3)C)[C@@H](O)C4)C)[C@@H](O)C5)C6 InChI=1S/C41H64O14/c1-19-36(47)28(42)15-34(50-19)54-38-21(3)52-35(17-30(38)44)55-37-20(2)51-33(16-29(37)43)53-24-8-10-39(4)23(13-24)6-7-26-27(39)14-31(45)40‍​‍‍‍​‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍​‍(5)25(9-11-41(26,40)48)22-12-32(46)49-18-22/h12,19-21,23-31,33-38,42-45,47-48H,6-11,13-18H2,1-5H3/t19-,20-,21-,23-,24+,25-,26-,27+,28+,29+,30+,31-,33+,34+,35+,36-,37-,38-,39+,40+,41+/m1/s1YKey:LTMHDMANZUZIPE-PUGKRICDSA-NY Digoxin, sold under the brand nameLanoxinamong others, is a medication used to treat variousheart conditions.Most frequently it is used foratrial fibrillation,atrial flutter, andheart failure.Digoxin is one of the oldest medications used in the field ofcardiology. It works by increasingmyocardial contractility, increasingstroke volumeandblood pressure, reducingheart rate, and somewhat extending the time frame of thecontraction.Digoxin is taken by mouth or byinjection into a vein.Digoxin has a half life of approximately 36 hours given at average doses in patients with normal renal function. It is excreted mostly unchanged in the urine. Common side effects includebreast enlargementwith other side effects generally due to an excessive dose.These side effects may include loss of appetite, nausea, trouble seeing, confusion, and anirregular heartbeat.Greater care is required in older people and those with poorkidney function.It is unclear whether use duringpregnancyis safe. Digoxin is in thecardiac glycosidefamily of medications.It was first isolated in 1930 from Grecian foxglove (Digitalis lanata).It is on theWorld Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.In 2021, it was the 241st most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1million prescriptions.