NITROFURANTOIN; NITROFURANTOIN MONOHYDRATE

USDailyMed:Nitrofurantoin AU:A J01XE01(WHO) AU:S4(Prescription only)CA:℞-onlyUK:POM(Prescription only)US:℞-onlyEU:Rx-only (E)-1-[(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylideneamino]imidazolidine-2,4-dione 67-20-9Y 6604200 DB00698Y 5036498Y 927AH8112L D00439Y CHEBI:71415Y ChEMBL572Y DTXSID7020972 Interactive image O=[N+]([O-])c2oc(/C=N/N1C(=O)NC(=O)C1)cc2 InChI=1S/C8H6N4O5/c13-6-4-11(8(14)10-6)9-3-5-1-2-7(17-5)12(15)16/h1-3H,4H2,(H,10,13,14)/b9-3+YKey:NXFQHRVNIOXGAQ-YCRREMRBSA-NY Nitrofurantoin, sold under the brand nameMacrobidamong others, is anantibacterialmedicationof thenitrofuranclass.‍‍‍‍‍‍​​​‍​​​​​​ It is used primarily to treat lowerurinary tract infections(UTIs) but it is also used in bladder infections. It is not indicated forkidney infectionsnor is it as effective for them. It is takenby mouth. Commonside effectsincludenausea,loss of appetite,diarrhea, andheadaches.Rarelynumbness,lung problems, orliver problemsmay occur.While it appears to be generally safe duringpregnancyits use is not recommended near time ofdelivery.While it usually works byslowing bacterial growth, it may result inbacterial deathat the high concentrations found inurine, provided forced fluid dilution of urine is avoided.[failed verification] As the name or branding suggests, nitrofurantoin (due to the brand name macrobid) should be taken twice per day, or bis in die (B.I.D.). Nitrofurantoin was first sold in 1953.It is on theWorld Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.It is available as ageneric medication.In 2023, it was the 143rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3million prescriptions.