ACETAMINOPHEN; PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE

EUEMA:by INNUSDailyMed:Phenylephrine C01CA06(WHO)R01AA04(WHO),R01AB01(WHO) (combinations),R01BA03(WHO),S01FB01(WHO),S01GA05(WHO),C05AX06(WHO) AU:S2(Pharmacy medicine)NZ:OTCUK:General sales list(GSL, OTC)US:OTC/Rx-only 3-[(1R)-1-Hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]phenol 59-42-7Y61-76-7 6041 485 DB00388Y 5818Y 1WS297W6MV D08365YD00511 CHEBI:8093Y ChEMBL1215Y DTXSID9023465 Interactive image O[C@H](c1cc(O)ccc1)CNC InChI=1S/C9H13NO2/c1-10-6-9(12)7-3-2-4-8(11)5-7/h2-5,9-12H,6H2,1H3/t9-/m0/s1YKey:SONNWYBIRXJNDC-VIFPVBQESA-NY Phenylephrine, sold under the brand namesNeosynephrineandSudafed PEamong others, is amedicationused as adecongestantfor uncomplicatednasal co‍‍‍‍‍‍​​​‍​​​​​​ngestionin the form of anasal sprayor oral tablet,intravenouslyin cases oflow blood pressure, or as asuppositoryto relievehemorrhoids.It can also beapplied to the skin. Commonside effectswhen taken by mouth or injected includenausea,vomiting,headache, andanxiety.Use on hemorrhoids is generally well tolerated.Severe side effects may include aslow heart rate,intestinal ischemia,chest pain,kidney failure, andtissue deathat the site of injection.It is unclear whether its use duringpregnancyandbreastfeedingis safe.Phenylephrine is aselectiveα1-adrenergic receptoragonistwith minimal to noβ-adrenergic receptoragonist activity orinduction of norepinephrine release.It causesconstrictionof botharteriesandveins. Phenylephrine was patented in 1933and came into medical use in 1938.It is available as ageneric medication.Unlikepseudoephedrine, abuse of phenylephrine is very uncommon.Its effectiveness as an oral nasal decongestant has been questioned.In 2023, a U.S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA) panel concluded that the drug was ineffective as a nasal decongestant when taken orally, performing no better than placebo.In November 2024, the FDA proposed to remove oral phenylephrine as an active ingredient that can be used inover-the-counter(OTC) monograph drug products for the temporary relief of nasal congestion.