What is Penthrox used for?

Emergency relief of moderate to severe pain in conscious adult patients with trauma and associated pain.

What is the active ingredient in Penthrox?

Methoxyfluranum (Methoxyfluranum)

What pharmaceutical form is Penthrox available in?

Penthrox: Płyn do sporządzania inhalacji parowej 99,9 % (wziewna)

Is Penthrox OTC or prescription only?

Penthrox requires a doctor's prescription.

What are the side effects of Penthrox?

Summary of safety profile The common non-serious reactions are CNS type reactions such as dizziness, and somnolence, and are generally easily reversible. Tabulated list of adverse reactions 'Serious dose-related nephrotoxicity has only been associated with methoxyflurane when used in large doses over prolonged periods during general anaesthesia. Methoxyflurane is therefore no longer used for anaesthesia. See section 4.4 under renal disease. The recommended maximum dose for PENTHROX should theref

Who should NOT take Penthrox?

Use as an anaesthetic agent. Hypersensitivity to methoxyflurane, any fluorinated anaesthetic or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1. Malignant hyperthermia: patients who are known to be or genetically susceptible to malignant hyperthermia. Patients or patients with a known family history of severe adverse reactions after being administered with inhaled anaesthetics. Patients who have a history of showing signs of liver damage after previous methoxyflurane use or halogenated hydrocarbo

Does Penthrox interact with other medications?

The metabolism of methoxyflurane is mediated by the CYP 450 enzymes particularly CYP 2E1, CYP 2B6 and to some extent CYP 2A6. It is possible that enzyme inducers (such as alcohol or isoniazid for CYP 2E1 and phenobarbital or rifampicin for CYP 2A6 and carbamazepine, efavirenz, rifampicin or nevirapine for CYP 2B6) which increase the rate of methoxyflurane metabolism might increase its potential toxicity and they should be avoided concomitantly with methoxyflurane. Concomitant use of methoxyflura

Can Penthrox be used during pregnancy?

Fertility No clinical data on effects of methoxyflurane on fertility are available. Limited data from animal studies do not indicate any effects on sperm morphology. Pregnancy Studies in animals have shown reproduction toxicity (see section 5.3). Where methoxyflurane has been used for obstetric analgesia in pregnant women, there has been a single report of neonatal respiratory depression associated with a high fetal level of methoxyflurane. However, when low concentrations were administered, or

What precautions should be taken with Penthrox?

After loading the PENTHROX Inhaler, replace cap onto PENTHROX bottle. After use, place used PENTHROX Inhaler and used bottle in plastic bag provided, seal and dispose of responsibly.

Who manufactures Penthrox?

Medical Developments NED B.V. (Irlandia)

What ATC class does Penthrox belong to?

Penthrox: ATC N02BG09. ATC is the WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification — it groups drugs by organ system and pharmacological mechanism.

Penthrox

This information is for educational purposes only. It is not intended as medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Penthrox — Description, Dosage, Side Effects | PillsCard

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Analgesics, other analgesics and antipyretics ATC code: N02BG09 Mechanism of action The mechanism by which methoxyflurane exerts its analgesic activity has not been fully elucidated. Pharmacodynamic effects Methoxyflurane belongs to the fluorinated hydrocarbon group of volatile anaesthetic agents and provides analgesia when inhaled at low concentrations in conscious patients. At analgesic therapeutic doses pain relief, some decrease in blood pressure may occur, which may be accompanied by bradycardia, the cardiac rhythm is usually regular, although drowsiness may occur. The myocardium is only minimally sensitised to adrenaline by methoxyflurane. Clinical efficacy and safety The efficacy and safety of PENTHROX was demonstrated in a randomised, double-blind, multi-centre, placebo controlled study in the treatment of acute pain in patients with minor trauma presenting to an Emergency Department. 300 patients were recruited (151 received methoxyflurane and 149 received placebo in a 1:1 ratio). Patients with a pain score of ≥ 4 to ≤ 7 on the Numerical Rating Scale were eligible for the study. The mean pain scores (Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)) observed at baseline were similar in the methoxyflurane (64.8) and placebo (64.0) groups. The primary efficacy variable, the estimated mean change in VAS pain from Baseline to 5 min, 10 min, 15 min and 20 min, was greater for the methoxyflurane group (-23.1, -28.9, -34.0 and -35.0 respectively) when compared to the placebo group (-11.3, -14.8, -15.5 and -19.0 respectively). Overall, there was a highly significant difference between the methoxyflurane and placebo group (estimated treatment effect -15.1; 95% CI -19.2 to -11.0; p<0.0001). The greatest treatment effect was seen at 15 minutes (estimated treatment effect of -18.5). An analysis was undertaken where a responder was defined as a patient who experienced at least a 30% improvement from baseline VAS pain score. Results of this analysis indicated that percentage of responders at 5, 10, 15 and 20 mins was significantly greater for the methoxyflurane group (51.0%, 57.7%, 63.8%, 63.8%) when compared to the placebo group (23.5%, 30.9%, 33.6%, 37.6%), with p < 0.0001 at each time-point. A total of 126 patients (84.6%) in the methoxyflurane group experienced their first pain relief after 1-10 inhalations in comparison to 76 patients (51%) in the placebo group.

Penthrox

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