Ciprofloxacin - Indications, Dosage, Side Effects and Precautions

USDailyMed:Ciprofloxacin AU:B3 J01MA02(WHO)S01AE03(WHO)S02AA15(WHO)S03AA07(WHO)J01RA10(WHO)J01RA11(WHO)J01RA12(WHO) AU:S4(Prescription only)CA:℞-onlyUK:POM(Prescription only)US:℞-only 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid 85721-33-1Y 2764 DB00537Y 2662Y 5E8K9I0O4U D00186Yas HCl:D02216N CHEBI:100241Y ChEMBL8Y 001992 DTXSID8022824 Interactive image C1CNCCN1c(c2)c(F)cc3c2N(C4CC4)C=C(C3=O)C(=O)O InChI=1S/C17H18FN3O3/c18-13-7-11-14(8-15(13)20-5-3-19-4-6-20)21(10-1-2-10)9-12(16(11)22)17(23)24/h7-10,19H,1-6H2,(H,23,24)YKey:MYSWGUAQZAJSOK-UHFFFAOYSA-NY Ciprofloxacinis afluoroquinoloneantibioticused to treat a number ofbacterial infections.This includes bone‍‍‍‍‍‍​​​‍​​​​​​ andjoint infections, intra-abdominal infections, certain types ofinfectious diarrhea,respiratory tract infections, skin infections,typhoid fever, andurinary tract infections, among others.For some infections it is used in addition to other antibiotics.It can be takenby mouth, as eye drops, as ear drops, or intravenously. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.Severe side effects includetendon rupture,hallucinations, andnerve damage.In people withmyasthenia gravis, there is worsening muscle weakness.Rates of side effects appear to be higher than some groups of antibiotics such ascephalosporinsbut lower than others such asclindamycin.Studies in other animals raise concerns regarding use inpregnancy.No problems were identified, however, in the children of a small number of women who took the medication.It appears to be safe duringbreastfeeding.It is a second-generation fluoroquinolone with abroad spectrum of activitythat usually results in thedeath of the bacteria. Ciprofloxacin was patented in 1980 and introduced by Bayer in 1987.It is on theWorld Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.The World Health Organization classifies ciprofloxacin as critically important for human medicine.It is available as ageneric medication.In 2023, it was the 155th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3million prescriptions.