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Manufacturer
Pfizer S.L. (ES)
ATC Code
G03D
Source
CIMA
AU:D
G03AC06(WHO)G03DA02(WHO),L02AB02(WHO)
AU:S4(Prescription only)CA:℞-onlyUS:℞-onlyIn general: ℞ (Prescription only)
[(6S,8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17R)-17-acetyl-6,10,13-trimethyl-3-oxo-2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl] acetate
71-58-9
6279
2879
DB00603
6043
C2QI4IOI2G
C08150Y
CHEBI:6716
ChEMBL717Y
DTXSID0025527
Interactive image
C[C@H]1C[C@@H]2[C@H](CC[C@]3([C@H]2CC[C@@]3(C(=O)C)OC(=O)C)C)[C@@]4(C1=CC(=O)CC4)C
InChI=1S/C24H34O4/c1-14-12-18-19(22(4)9-6-17(27)13-21(14)22)7-10-23(5)20(18)8-11-24(23,15(2)25)28-16(3)26/h13-14,18-20H,6-12H2,1-5H3/t14-,18+,19-,20-,22+,23-,24-/m0/s1Key:PSGAAPLEWMOORI-PEINSRQWSA-N
Medroxyprogesterone acetate(MPA), also known asdepot medroxyprogesterone acetate(DMPA) ininjectableform and sold under the brand nameDepo-Proveraamong others, is ahormonal medicationof theprogestintype.It is used as a method ofbirth controland as a part ofmenopausal hormone therapy.It is also used to treatendometriosis,abnormal uterine bleeding,paraphilia, and certain types ofcancer.The medication is available both alone and in combination with anestrogen.It is takenby mouth, usedunder the tongue, or byinjection into a muscleorfat.
Commonside effectsincludemenstrual disturbancessuch asabsence of periods,abdominal pain, andheadaches.More serious side effects includebone loss,blood clots,allergic reactions, andliver problems.Use is not recommended duringpregnancyas it mayharm the baby.MPA is anartificialprogestogen, and as suchactivatestheprogesterone receptor, thebiological targetofprogesterone.It also hasandrogenicactivity and weakglucocorticoidactivity. Due to its progestogenic activity, MPA decreases the body's release ofgonadotropinsand can suppresssex hormonelevels.It works as a form of birth control by preventingovulation.
MPA was discovered in 1956 and was introduced for medical use in the United States in 1959.It is on theWorld Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.MPA is the most widely used progestin in menopausal hormone therapy and inprogestogen-only birth control.DMPA is approved for use as a form of long-acting birth control in more than 100 countries.In 2023, it was the 257th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1million prescriptions.