Methylphenidate is an active substance belonging to the amphetamine class with a stimulating effect on the central nervous system. It is used for the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. Extended-release formulations are generally taken once daily in the morning. The most common adverse effects include nervousness, insomnia, abdominal pain, cardiovascular complaints, headache, and loss of appetite. Methylphenidate is also misused as a stimulant, for example to enhance performance or as a recreational drug, and can cause dependence. The numerous precautions must be observed during use.
Methylphenidate (ATC N06BA04) has central stimulant and sympathomimetic properties. Its effects in ADHD are based on increasing synaptic dopamine and noradrenaline in the central nervous system. Methylphenidate inhibits the reuptake of these neurotransmitters into the presynaptic neuron.
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