NICORETTE 2MG

TheSonogashira reactionis across-coupling reactionused inorganic synthesisto formcarbon–carbon bonds.‍‍‍‍‍‍​​​‍​​​​​​ It employs apalladiumcatalystas well ascopperco-catalyst to form a carbon–carbon bond between a terminalalkyneand anarylorvinyl halide. R1−X+H−≡−R2→base, rt[Pd] cat., [Cu] cat.R1−≡−R2{\displaystyle {\begin{array}{c}{}\\{\color {Red}{\ce {R^{1}}}}{\ce {-X}}+{\ce {H}}{-\color {Blue}\!{\equiv }\!{\ce {-R^{2}}}}\ {\ce {->[{\text{[Pd] cat., [Cu] cat.}}][{\text{base, rt}}]}}\ {\color {Red}{\ce {R^{1}}}}{\color {Blue}-\!{\equiv }\!{\ce {-R^{2}}}}\end{array}}} R1: aryl or vinylR2: arbitraryX: I, Br, Cl or OTf The Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction has been employed in a wide variety of areas, due to its usefulness in the formation of carbon–carbon bonds. The reaction can be carried out under mild conditions, such as at room temperature, in aqueous media, and with a mild base, which has allowed for the use of the Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction in the synthesis of complex molecules. Its applications include pharmaceuticals, natural products, organic materials, andnanomaterials.Specific examples include its use in the synthesis oftazarotene,which is a treatment forpsoriasisandacne, and in the preparation of SIB-1508Y, also known asAltinicline,anicotinic receptoragonist.