Hydromorphone hydrochloride

USDailyMed:Hydromorphone AU:C N02AA03(WHO) AU:S8(Controlled drug)BR:Class A1(Narcotic drugs)CA:Schedule IDE:Anlage III(Special prescription form required)NZ:Class BUK:Class AControlled Drug: Schedule IIUS:Schedule IIUN:Narcotic Schedule ISE: Förteckning II 4,5-α-Epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methyl morphinan-6-one 466-99-9Y 5284570 7082 DB00327Y 4447624Y Q812464R06 D08047Y CHEBI:5790Y ChEMBL398707Y DTXSID8023133 Interactive image O=C4[C@@H]5Oc1c2c(ccc1O)C[C@H]3N(CC[C@]25[C@H]3CC4)C InChI=1S/C17H19NO3/c1-18-7-6-17-10-3-5-13(20)16(17)21-15-12(19)4-2-9(14(15)17)8-11(10)18/h2,4,10-11,16,19H,3,5-8H2,1H3/t10-,11+,16-,17-/m0/s1YKey:WVLOADHCBXTIJK-YNHQPCIGSA-NY Hydromorp‍‍‍‍‍‍​​​‍​​​​​​hone, also known asdihydromorphinone, and sold under the brand nameDilaudidamong others, is amorphinanopioidused to treat moderate to severepain.Typically, long-term use is only recommended for pain due tocancer.It may be used by mouth or byinjection into a vein,muscle, orunder the skin.Effects generally begin within half an hour and last for up to five hours.A 2016Cochranereview (updated in 2021) found little difference in benefit between hydromorphone and other opioids for cancer pain. Common side effects includedizziness,euphoria,sleepiness,nausea,itchiness, andconstipation.Serious side effects may includeabuse,low blood pressure,seizures,respiratory depression, andserotonin syndrome.Rapidly decreasing the dose may result inopioid withdrawal.Generally, use duringpregnancyorbreastfeedingis not recommended.Hydromorphone exerts its effects by activatingopioid receptors, mainly in the brain and spinal cord.Hydromorphone 2 mgIVisequivalentto approximately 10 mgmorphineIV. Hydromorphone was patented in 1923.Hydromorphone is made frommorphine.Hydromorphone is a therapeutic alternative on theWorld Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.It is available as ageneric medication.In 2022, it was the 233rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1million prescriptions.