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USDailyMed:Tramadol AU:C Opioid;Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor N02AX02(WHO)N02AJ13(WHO) AU:S4(Prescription only)BR:Class A2(Narcotic drugs)CA:Schedule INZ:Class CUK:POM(Prescription only) /Class CUS:Schedule IVUN:UnscheduledEU:Rx-onlySE: Förteckning IIIIn general: Prescription only 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexan-1-ol 27203-92-5Y 33741 DB00193Y 31105Y 39J1LGJ30J D08623Yas HCl:D01355Y CHEBI:9648N ChEMBL1066Y DTXSID401167150 DTXSID90858931, DTXSID401167150 Interactive image CN(C)C[C@H]1CCCC[C@@]1(C2=CC(=CC=C2)OC)O InChI=1S/C16H25NO2/c1-17(2)12-14-7-4-5-10-16(14,18)13-8-6-9-15(11-13)19-3/h6,8-9,11,14,18H,4-5,7,10,12H2,1-3H3/t14-,16+/m1/s1YKey:TVYLLZQTGLZFBW-ZBFHGGJFSA-NY Trama‍‍‍‍‍‍​​​‍​​​​​​dol, sold under the brand nameTramalamong others,is anopioidpain medicationand aserotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor(SNRI) used to treat moderate to severepain.When taken by mouth in an immediate-release formulation, the onset of pain relief usually begins within an hour.It is also available by injection.It is available in combination withparacetamol(acetaminophen). As is typical of opioids, common side effects includeconstipation,itchiness, andnausea.Serious side effects may includehallucinations,seizures, increased risk ofserotonin syndrome, decreased alertness, anddrug addiction.A change in dosage may be recommended in those withkidneyor liver problems.It is not recommended in those who are at risk ofsuicideor in those who arepregnant.While not recommended in women who arebreastfeeding, those who take a single dose should not generally have to stop breastfeeding.Tramadol is converted in the liver toO-desmethyltramadol (desmetramadol), an opioid with a stronger affinity for theμ-opioid receptor. Tramadol was patented in 1972 and launched under the brand name Tramal in 1977 by the West Germanpharmaceutical companyGrünenthal GmbH.In the mid-1990s, it was approved in the United Kingdom and the United States.It is available as ageneric medicationand marketed under many brand names worldwide.In 2023, it was the 36th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 16million prescriptions.