quadrivalent influenza vaccine (recombinant, prepared in cell culture)

Intranasal:Monograph AU:B1or B2 (depending on vaccine brand) J07BB01(WHO)J07BB02(WHO),J07BB03(WHO),J07BB04(WHO) AU:S4(Prescription only)CA:℞-only/ Schedule DUK:POM(Prescription only)US:℞-onlyEU:Rx-onlyIn general: ℞ (Prescription only) 1704512-59-3 none D04536 Influenza vaccines, colloquially known asflu shotsorflu jab,arevaccinesthat protect against infection byinfluenza viruses.New versions of the vaccines are developed twice a year, as the influenza virus rapidly changes.While their effectiveness varies from year to year, most provide modest to high protection againstinfluenza.Vaccination against influenza began in the 1930s, with large-scale availability in the United States beginning in 1945. Both theWorld Health Organizationand the USCenters for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) recommend yearly vaccination for nearly all people over the age of six months, especially those at high risk,and the influenza vaccine is on theWorld Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.TheEuropean Centre for Disease Prevention and Control(ECDC) also recommends yearly vaccination of high-risk groups,particularly pregnant women, the elderly, children between six months and five years, and those with certain health problems. The vaccines are generally safe, including for people who have severeegg allergies.A commonside effectis soreness near the site of injection.Feveroccurs in five to ten percent of children vaccinated, and temporary muscle pains or feelings of tiredness may occur. In certain years, the vaccine was linked to an increase inGuillain–Barré syndromeamong older people at a rate of about one case per million doses.Influenza vaccines are not recommended in those who have had asevere allergyto previous versions of the vaccine itself.The vaccine comes ininactiveandweakenedviral forms. The live, weakened vaccine is generally not recommended in pregnant women, children less than two years old, adults older than 50, or people with aweakened immune system.Depending on the type it can beinjected into a muscle (intramuscular),sprayed into the nose(intranasal), orinjected into the middle layer of the skin(intradermal).The intradermal vaccine was not available during the 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 influenza seasons.