PillsCard
Lining up the pixels…
Loading the latest data0%
PillsCard
Lining up the pixels…
Thong tin nay chi mang tinh giao duc. Khong phai loi khuyen y te. Luon tham kham bac si chuyen khoa.
Dai thao duong typ 2 anh huong den hon 460 trieu nguoi tren toan the gioi. Huong dan nay bao gom sinh ly benh, chan doan, loi song va thuoc.
Dai thao duong typ 2 (DM2) la mot roi loan chuyen hoa man tinh dac trung boi khang insulin va roi loan chuc nang te bao beta tien trien, dan den muc duong huyet tang lien tuc. Benh chiem khoang 90–95% tat ca cac truong hop dai thao duong va anh huong den hon 460 trieu nguoi truong thanh tren toan the gioi.
Trong co the khoe manh, te bao beta cua tuy san xuat insulin cho phep glucose di vao te bao. Trong DM2, xay ra hai khuyet tat: khang insulin va roi loan chuc nang te bao beta. Ngoai ra con co tang san xuat glucose o gan, giam hieu ung incretin va tang tai hap thu glucose o than.
Duong huyet luc doi ≥126 mg/dL. HbA1c ≥6,5% — phan anh duong huyet trung binh trong 2–3 thang. Nghiem phap dung nap glucose (OGTT) — duong huyet sau 2 gio ≥200 mg/dL. Tien dai thao duong: duong huyet luc doi 100–125 mg/dL hoac HbA1c 5,7–6,4%.
Thua can/beo phi (beo bung), tien su gia dinh, it van dong, tuoi >45, chung toc, tien su dai thao duong thai ky va hoi chung buong trung da nang (PCOS).
Che do an tap trung vao ngu coc nguyen hat, rau, dau va chat beo lanh manh. Che do an Dia Trung Hai co loi ich dac biet. Hoat dong the chat — it nhat 150 phut/tuan tap hieu khi vua phai cong tap suc manh 2–3 lan/tuan. Giam can 5–7% cai thien dang ke kiem soat duong huyet.
Metformin — lua chon dau tay, giam san xuat glucose o gan, ha HbA1c 1,0–1,5%. Thuoc uc che SGLT2 (empagliflozin, dapagliflozin) — bao ve tim va than. Thuoc dong van GLP-1 (semaglutid, liraglutid) — giam can dang ke, bao ve tim mach. Thuoc uc che DPP-4 (sitagliptin). Sulfonylurea (gliclazid). Insulin — khi te bao beta suy giam.
Ha duong huyet (glucose <70 mg/dL) — Quy tac 15: 15 g carbohydrate nhanh, doi 15 phut, kiem tra lai. Bien chung vi mach: benh vong mac, benh than, benh than kinh. Bien chung mach lon: benh mach vanh, dot quy — nguy co tim mach tang 2–4 lan.
Cac thuoc chinh: metformin, empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, semaglutid, liraglutid, sitagliptin, gliclazid, pioglitazon, insulin glargin va insulin lispro. Tim hieu cac tinh trang lien quan tren PillsCard: tang huyet ap, roi loan lipid mau, benh than man.
Bai viet nay chi mang tinh giao duc. Khong phai loi khuyen y te. Luon tham kham bac si.
Dr. Anna Kowalska is a clinical pharmacist with over 12 years of experience in hospital and community pharmacy settings. She specializes in medication therapy management, drug interactions, and patient safety. Her work focuses on making complex pharmaceutical information accessible to the public.
Tất cả bài viết→